Mirror. The canonical copy of this skill — and the
i18n-audit.shscript it tells you to run — live at.claude/skills/i18n-parity/. Keep the two in sync; edit the canonical copy first.
i18n Parity
This repository is localized on five independent surfaces, each with its own mechanism. A change that lands on one and not the others leaves the product half-translated: the English falls through, and the gap is invisible to anyone working in English. This skill states the invariant, maps every surface to the exact files, and gives one command that proves parity.
The invariant: English is the source of truth on every surface, and no change is done until every supported language carries it in the same PR. A fallback to English is a safety net, never a completed translation.
Supported languages are declared in one place — supportedLngs in
client/src/i18n/index.ts. Today:
en, zh, vi, ko, es. Everything below derives from that list; the
audit script reads it rather than hard-coding.
The five surfaces
| # | Surface | English source of truth | Translations live in | Automated gate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dashboard UI | client/src/i18n/locales/en/*.json | client/src/i18n/locales/<xx>/*.json (same 15 namespaces) | client/src/i18n/__tests__/i18n.test.ts — key, type, and interpolation-token parity |
| 2 | Wiki page | English text in the wiki/index.html DOM | wiki/script.js (T, ATTRIBUTE_TRANSLATIONS, META, languageLabels, the two language ladders) + wiki/i18n-content.js (window.__WIKI_CONTENT_I18N, both the body bundles and plain) | client/tests/wiki-i18n.test.ts — live-DOM prose coverage, inline-tag preservation, block-length budgets, asset-version sync |
| 3 | Full mirrored guides | README-EN.md | README-CN.md (zh), README-VN.md (vi), README-KO.md (ko), README-ES.md (es) | partial — scripts/i18n-audit.sh (existence, heading count, cross-links) and server/__tests__/plugins-marketplace.test.js (documented counts); prose parity is review-only |
| 4 | Language switchers | — | client/src/components/Sidebar.tsx, client/src/lib/paletteCommands.ts, the two .lang-select-menu blocks in wiki/index.html, nav.json languageNames / languageShort | scripts/i18n-audit.sh |
| 5 | Locale-aware formatting | — | client/src/lib/format.ts (SupportedLanguage union, getCurrentLanguage() whitelist, getCurrentLocale() BCP-47 map) | client/src/lib/__tests__/format.test.ts |
What is deliberately NOT localized
Verified against the tree — do not go looking for translation hooks in these, and do not add them without being asked:
- The root landing page
index.htmlhas no i18n layer. Do not adddata-langmarkup; put localized long-form content in the wiki instead. Its one language-aware element is theLanguages (en/zh/…)stat label, which just enumerates the codes. - The repository landing page
README.mdis a concise English-only entry point. It links every complete language guide but is not itself mirrored. Full technical content belongs inREADME-EN.mdand its four translations. client/index.htmlis an English shell:<html lang="en">,og:locale=en_US, and English<title>/meta. The React app never reassignsdocument.documentElement.langwhen the user switches language — a known gap, not something a translation PR is expected to fix.- The CLI (
bin/ccam.js+cli/), the MCP server (mcp/), the Express server (server/), the desktop shell (desktop/), the VS Code extension, and the statusline contain no i18n wiring at all. Their output is English. client/src/lib/event-summary.tsandevent-grouping.tsbuild tool-event headlines and bullets from English template literals (Last message: …,3 lines stdout,2 matches). Their MODULE_GUIDE boilerplate claims strings belong in i18n JSON, but neither file imports i18next. They sit outside the key system today; do not "fix" them as part of a localization change.- Number and date formatting is only locale-aware where the
format.tshelpers are used. Most components calltoLocaleString()/toLocaleString(undefined, …)directly, which follows the browser locale rather than the chosen UI language. In new code prefergetCurrentLocale()fromformat.ts; leave existing call sites alone unless asked.
Workflow A — you changed content (the common case)
Find what you touched in the left column and ship everything in the right column in the same PR.
| You changed | You must also do |
|---|---|
| Added/renamed a UI string or i18n key | Add the key to en and every other locale in the same namespace file. Same key path, same value type, same {{interpolation}} tokens. |
Added a new namespace (new *.json) | Create it for every locale, then register the imports, the resources entry per language, and the ns array in client/src/i18n/index.ts. |
Added user-visible wiki text in wiki/index.html | Follow .claude/rules/wiki-i18n.md: scannable layer (the PLAIN selector set — .logo-sub, .section-label, .nav-section, .nav-empty, .stat-label, .t-label, h2/h3/h4, th, .hero-desc, plus .nav-link / .hero-badge trailing text nodes) → T in wiki/script.js; body prose (the HTML_SEL set — p, li, td, th, captions, .callout-body > strong, .route-desc, footer) → wiki/i18n-content.js keyed by whitespace-normalized innerHTML; new alt/aria-label/title/placeholder → ATTRIBUTE_TRANSLATIONS. Then bump CACHE_NAME in wiki/sw.js and the matching ?v= query strings. |
Edited the English-only landing README.md | Keep it concise and ensure it still links README-EN.md and every localized full guide. Do not copy landing-page prose into the full guides. |
Edited a section of README-EN.md | Mirror the same edit at the corresponding section of README-CN.md, README-VN.md, README-KO.md, and README-ES.md. All four, every time. |
| Changed behavior that the README/wiki document (env var, event type, route, CLI command, feature) | Run the update-project-docs (.claude/skills/update-project-docs/SKILL.md) skill — it owns the change→docs mapping — then come back here for the translation propagation it triggers. |
| Changed a documented count (plugins, skills, namespaces, languages) | The count can appear in the landing README, all five full guides, ARCHITECTURE.md, docs/*.md, index.html, wiki/index.html, wiki/i18n-content.js, and server/__tests__/plugins-marketplace.test.js. Grep the old number repo-wide; update every hit. |
Workflow B — adding a new language
This is a large, exact, mechanical change. Read
references/new-language-checklist.md
and work through it top to bottom — it lists every file, in dependency order,
with the exact edit for each.
The three things contributors most often ship incomplete, stated up front:
- The full-guide mirror must be complete.
README-<XX>.mdis a full mirror ofREADME-EN.md— every section, every table row, every code block, every mermaid diagram, in the same order. Do not summarize, do not drop "less important" sections, do not stop halfway. Diff the heading list againstREADME-EN.mdbefore you open the PR — the audit script compares heading counts, which catches a truncated mirror but not a reordered or silently condensed one. - Every app key must be translated. All 15 namespaces × every key. The parity test fails on a missing key, but it passes on a key you copied over in English — so read your diff for untranslated leftovers.
- The wiki must be translated completely, not just the headings. That means
a full
<xx>bundle inwiki/i18n-content.js(thousands of body strings), a full<xx>block inT,META, and every entry ofATTRIBUTE_TRANSLATIONSinwiki/script.js. A locale that only fillsTrenders a page with translated headings over English paragraphs, which is worse than English.
What stays in English (all surfaces)
Never translate: code inside <code>/backticks, commands, file and directory
paths, URLs, env-var names, HTTP methods and status codes, CLI flags, code
identifiers, numbers with units, brand and product names (Claude Code, MCP,
Codex), Claude Code hook event names (PreToolUse, Stop, …), and Claude
Code tool names (Bash, Agent, Read, Edit). Translate only the prose
around them. A block that is entirely code or identifiers needs no wiki
entry — it correctly falls back to English.
Two different things are spelled Agent. The Claude Code tool named
Agent (alongside Bash, Read, Edit) is an identifier and stays literal in
every locale, everywhere it appears — hook-event tables, tool lists, event
names. The UI noun for an agent (common:agent / common:subagent) is
product vocabulary with a per-locale contract, and only that noun has the
Spanish exception below. Never carry the exception into the tool name.
The UI noun's contract, asserted by client/src/i18n/__tests__/i18n.test.ts:
zh, vi, and ko keep Agent / Subagent literal; es renders them
agente / subagente. A new locale must decide this explicitly and add its
row to that test.
Terminology, per-locale conventions, and the shared glossary live in
references/translation-style.md. Read it
before translating; drifting terminology across pages is the most common
review comment on localization PRs.
Two traps worth knowing before you edit the wiki
client/tests/wiki-i18n.test.tsparseswiki/script.jsby exact source markers. It slices the file between literal strings —" const T = "…"\n\n const PLAIN"," const ATTRIBUTE_TRANSLATIONS = "…"\n const ATTR"," const META = "…"\n const trH"— andevals what it finds. Renaming, reordering, or re-indenting those declarations breaks the test with a confusing error. Add locales inside the existing objects; leave the declaration lines alone.- The wiki's chosen language lives in
localStorage["wiki-lang"], not a URL parameter. There is no?lang=support. First visit falls back to anavigator.languageprefix ladder inwiki/script.js. To preview a locale, use the switcher, or runlocalStorage.setItem("wiki-lang", "<xx>")in the console and reload.
This skill is mirrored for every agent
The canonical copy — and both scripts — live at .claude/skills/i18n-parity/.
It is mirrored, with links rewritten to repo-root-relative paths and an
agents/openai.yaml interface added, to:
.agents/skills/i18n-parity/(the shared/OpenAI skill tree).codex/skills/i18n-parity/(Codex)
Editing this skill means regenerating the mirrors — edit the canonical copy, then run:
bashbash .claude/skills/i18n-parity/scripts/sync-agent-mirrors.sh
i18n-audit.sh runs that script in --check mode, so a stale mirror is a
reported gap rather than silent drift. The mirrors carry no scripts: they point
back at the canonical ones by repo-root path.
Verify (do not skip)
bash# 1. Cross-surface parity: locale sets, namespace files, key parity, switcher # entries, wiki bundles, full-guide mirrors and cross-links, agent-skill mirrors. bash .claude/skills/i18n-parity/scripts/i18n-audit.sh # 2. UI key/type/interpolation parity + locale formatting npm run test:client # 3. Wiki live-DOM coverage, inline tags, metadata, cache versions cd client && npx vitest run tests/wiki-i18n.test.ts && cd .. # 4. Documented counts asserted against the source tree npm run test:server # 5. The static wiki files and locale JSON are Prettier-managed npm run format
i18n-audit.sh exits non-zero and names the exact file and locale for every
gap. Every check is a structural one — a named thing is present or it is not —
with a single exception: the wiki/i18n-content.js bundle-size check is a
stub detector (it flags a locale holding under 60% of the largest bundle's
entries). Exact per-string wiki coverage is asserted by
client/tests/wiki-i18n.test.ts, which walks the live DOM.
State explicitly which surfaces you updated and which you intentionally skipped
(with the reason), per the repo's verification policy in CLAUDE.md.
Tips
- Write the full English guide first and get it right, on all surfaces, before translating anything. Every other locale is derived from it; re-translating because the English moved is the biggest waste in this workflow.
- To find where a string already lives:
grep -rn "<neighbouring English text>" client/src/i18n/locales/en wiki/i18n-content.js wiki/script.js. - When adding a language, one locale per subagent is fine for the wiki body bundle (it is large), but keep the full-guide mirror with a single author so the section order and terminology stay coherent.
- Wiki edits are cache-first: forgetting the
CACHE_NAME/?v=bump means returning visitors never see the translation you just shipped.
