本体论（Ontology）
一个类型化词汇表 + 约束系统，将知识表示为可验证的图谱。
核心概念
一切皆为实体，拥有类型、属性以及与其他实体的关系。每次变更在提交前都会根据类型约束进行验证。
Entity: { id, type, properties, relations, created, updated } Relation: { from_id, relation_type, to_id, properties }
使用场景
| 触发词 | 操作 |
|---|---|
| "记住……" | 创建/更新实体 |
| "我知道关于 X 的什么？" | 查询图谱 |
| "链接 X 到 Y" | 创建关系 |
| "显示项目 Z 的所有任务" | 图遍历 |
| "什么依赖于 X？" | 依赖查询 |
| 规划多步骤工作 | 建模为图变换 |
| 技能需要共享状态 | 读/写本体对象 |
核心类型
yaml# 智能体与人员 Person: { name, email?, phone?, notes? } Organization: { name, type?, members[] } # 工作管理 Project: { name, status, goals[], owner? } Task: { title, status, due?, priority?, assignee?, blockers[] } Goal: { description, target_date?, metrics[] } # 时间与地点 Event: { title, start, end?, location?, attendees[], recurrence? } Location: { name, address?, coordinates? } # 信息 Document: { title, path?, url?, summary? } Message: { content, sender, recipients[], thread? } Thread: { subject, participants[], messages[] } Note: { content, tags[], refs[] } # 资源 Account: { service, username, credential_ref? } Device: { name, type, identifiers[] } Credential: { service, secret_ref } # 永远不要直接存储密钥 # 元数据 Action: { type, target, timestamp, outcome? } Policy: { scope, rule, enforcement }
存储
默认路径：memory/ontology/graph.jsonl
jsonl{"op":"create","entity":{"id":"p_001","type":"Person","properties":{"name":"Alice"}}} {"op":"create","entity":{"id":"proj_001","type":"Project","properties":{"name":"Website Redesign","status":"active"}}} {"op":"relate","from":"proj_001","rel":"has_owner","to":"p_001"}
通过脚本或直接文件操作进行查询。对于复杂图谱，可迁移至 SQLite。
仅追加规则
在处理现有本体数据或 Schema 时，追加/合并变更而非覆盖文件。这样可以保留历史记录，避免破坏先前的定义。
工作流
创建实体
bashpython3 scripts/ontology.py create --type Person --props '{"name":"Alice","email":"alice@example.com"}'
查询
bashpython3 scripts/ontology.py query --type Task --where '{"status":"open"}' python3 scripts/ontology.py get --id task_001 python3 scripts/ontology.py related --id proj_001 --rel has_task
关联实体
bashpython3 scripts/ontology.py relate --from proj_001 --rel has_task --to task_001
验证
bashpython3 scripts/ontology.py validate # 检查所有约束
约束
在 memory/ontology/schema.yaml 中定义：
yamltypes: Task: required: [title, status] status_enum: [open, in_progress, blocked, done] Event: required: [title, start] validate: "end >= start if end exists" Credential: required: [service, secret_ref] forbidden_properties: [password, secret, token] # 强制使用间接引用 relations: has_owner: from_types: [Project, Task] to_types: [Person] cardinality: many_to_one blocks: from_types: [Task] to_types: [Task] acyclic: true # 不允许循环依赖
技能契约
使用本体的技能应声明：
yaml# 在 SKILL.md 的 frontmatter 或头部中 ontology: reads: [Task, Project, Person] writes: [Task, Action] preconditions: - "Task.assignee must exist" postconditions: - "Created Task has status=open"
将规划建模为图变换
将多步骤规划建模为一系列图操作：
Plan: "Schedule team meeting and create follow-up tasks" 1. CREATE Event { title: "Team Sync", attendees: [p_001, p_002] } 2. RELATE Event -> has_project -> proj_001 3. CREATE Task { title: "Prepare agenda", assignee: p_001 } 4. RELATE Task -> for_event -> event_001 5. CREATE Task { title: "Send summary", assignee: p_001, blockers: [task_001] }
每一步在执行前都会被验证。约束违反时自动回滚。
集成模式
与因果推理集成
将本体变更记录为因果动作：
python# 创建/更新实体时，同时记录到因果动作日志 action = { "action": "create_entity", "domain": "ontology", "context": {"type": "Task", "project": "proj_001"}, "outcome": "created" }
跨技能通信
python# 邮件技能创建承诺 commitment = ontology.create("Commitment", { "source_message": msg_id, "description": "Send report by Friday", "due": "2026-01-31" }) # 任务技能接收并处理 tasks = ontology.query("Commitment", {"status": "pending"}) for c in tasks: ontology.create("Task", { "title": c.description, "due": c.due, "source": c.id })
快速开始
bash# 初始化本体存储 mkdir -p memory/ontology touch memory/ontology/graph.jsonl # 创建 Schema（可选但推荐） python3 scripts/ontology.py schema-append --data '{ "types": { "Task": { "required": ["title", "status"] }, "Project": { "required": ["name"] }, "Person": { "required": ["name"] } } }' # 开始使用 python3 scripts/ontology.py create --type Person --props '{"name":"Alice"}' python3 scripts/ontology.py list --type Person
参考资料
references/schema.md— 完整类型定义与约束模式references/queries.md— 查询语言与遍历示例
指令范围
运行时指令操作本地文件（memory/ontology/graph.jsonl 和 memory/ontology/schema.yaml），提供创建/查询/关联/验证的 CLI 用法，这在范围内。技能会读/写工作区文件，使用时会自动创建 memory/ontology 目录。验证包括属性/枚举/禁止字段检查、关系类型/基数验证、标记 acyclic: true 的关系无环检测，以及 Event 的 end >= start 检查；其他高级约束可能仅为文档说明，除非已在代码中实现。
